Study of a prototype module of a precision time-of-flight detector for particle identification at low momentum

In this thesis, Time Of internally Reflected Cherenkov light detector (TORCH), proposed for the LHCb Upgrade to perform three-sigma separation between kaon and pion up to 10 GeV/c, was studied. TORCH is designed to add significant particle identification capability to the existing LHCb system based on two gas Ring Imaging Cherenkov detectors. TORCH would be placed at ~10 m from the interaction point, where the flight time difference between a primary pion and kaon is 37.5 ps. TORCH will give a pion-kaon separation of three sigma at 10 GeV/c from the flight time using the Cherenkov photons generated by the charged particle in a 1 cm-thick quartz plate. In order to calculate accurately the flight time in a busy LHCb environment, Cherenkov angle and photon detection time information, as well as the momentum information from the tracking detector are included in the analysis. For the required TORCH performance, the flight time difference must be measured with a resolution of better than 70 ps for a single Cherenkov photon. In order to demonstrate the required performance, the intrinsic time resolution of the photon detector and electronics jitter have been investigated, firstly with commercially available Micro-Channel Plate Photo Multiplier Tubes (MCP-PMT) and electronics, then custom-made Multi-Channel MCP-PMT with custom-made electronics, which are designed for the TORCH R&D. The Multi-Channel MCP-PMT has been developed in collaboration with industry. For the custom electronics, NINO, an ASIC chip developed for the Time of Flight detector of the ALICE experiment was used as well as the HPTDC ASIC chip, which is being used by the ATLAS, CMS and ALICE experiments. Important characteristics such as the linearity and time walk have been carefully analysed and a method to correct biases introduced by those characteristics has been developed. TORCH optics must propagate the Cherenkov photons to the photocathode of the Multichannel MCPMT with minimum loss. On the other hand, spectra of photons reaching the photocathode should not be too wide in order to limit the chromatic error. All the optical components have been tested with a stand-alone system and results are compared with simulation studies. A small scale TORCH prototype has been constructed to test the system with a charged-particle beam and results are being analysed

La proyección social en la formación profesional del fisioterapeuta

Este documento desarrolla su temática desde lo general hasta lo particular. Se orienta mediante la elaboración de análisis progresivos que van desde el tratamiento de aquellos aspectos que tienen que ver con la función social de la Fisioterapia, hasta los que tienen que ver con las experiencias que han surgido de la implementación de un currículo en donde tiene presencia la proyección comunitaria como un área específica de formación.

Lecturas

Manuel Alberga. La escritura invisible: Testimonios sobre el diario íntimo (Por Ananda de Carlos: Una mirada sobre lo invisible).-- Atilio Bartoli Langeli. La scrittura dell'italiano (Por Antonio Castillo Gómez: El derecho a escribir o la conquista de un privilegio).-- Antonio Castillo Gómez. Escrituras y escribientes (Por José Manuel Lucía Megías: Anotaciones marginales a la Cultura escrita).-- Rita Marquilhas. A Faculdade das Letras. Leitura e escrita em Portugal no séc. XVII (Por Antonio Castillo Gómez: Cultura escrita y alfabetización en el Portugal del siglo XVII).-- Armando Petrucci. Alfabetismo, cultura, sociedad (Por Vanessa de Cruz: La huella fundacional de un maestro del estudio de la Cultura escrita).-- Jesús D. Rodríguez Velasco. El debate sobre la caballería en el siglo XV: La tratadística caballeresca castellana en su marco europeo (Por David García Hernán: El marco institucional y político de los caballeros en el s. XV)Publicad

Overview of CNM LGAD results: Boron Si-on-Si and epitaxial wafers

Low Gain Avalanche Detectors (LGADs) are n-on-p silicon sensors with an extra p-layer below the collection electrode which provides signal amplification. When the primary electrons reach the amplification region new electron-hole pairs are created that enhance the generated signal. The moderate gain of these sensors, together with the relatively thin active region, provide precise time information for minimum ionizing particles. To mitigate the effect of pile-up at the HL-LHC the ATLAS and CMS experiments have chosen the LGAD technology for the High Granularity Timing Detector (HGTD) and for the End-Cap Timing Layer (ETL), respectively. A full characterization of recent productions of LGAD sensors fabricated at CNM has been carried out before and after neutron irradiation up to 2.5 $\times$ 10$^{15}$ n$_{eq}$/cm$^{2}$ . Boron-doped sensors produced in epitaxial and Si-on-Si wafers have been studied. The results include their electrically characterization (IV and bias voltage stability) and performance studies (charge and time resolution) for single pad devices with a Sr-90 radioactive source set-up. The behaviour of the Inter-Pad region for irradiated 2 $\times$ 2 LGAD arrays, using the Transient Current Technique (TCT), is shown. The results indicate that the Si-on-Si devices with higher resistivity perform better than the epitaxial ones

Fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing in swallowing disorders – fees-. Case report at Popayán, Colombia.

Dysphagia is a frequently pathological condition in pa­tients with stroke and carries a substantial risk of dehy­dration, malnutrition and aspiration pneumonia. So far there are two methods for diagnosis; Videofluoroscopy (VFC) and Fiberoptic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swa­llowing (FEES). The first is considered the gold standard method, with a high cost, radiation exposure that requires the transfer of the patient to radiology, the patient’s abili­ty to follow simple commands and time required to com­plete. VFC does not replicate physiological conditions in which the patient is routinely, so it is considered that its representation is limited, the second test is an alternative procedure to be more economical, safe, well tolerated, wi­dely available, lasting approximately 20 minutes and with the possibility of doing it in the patient’s bed. Unlike FVC, to evaluate the presence of pharyngeal, this correlates with the risk of aspiration. Clinical report: The objective of this report is to present a male patient, 33 years old, who admitted to a health institution because it presents a clini­ cal picture compatible with stroke, as findings found right hemiplegia and swallowing disorder, as required gastros­tomy tubes. We performed Fiberoptic Endoscopic Evalua­tion of Swallowing (FEES) as a diagnostic method, which allowed visualization of the anatomic and functional en­vironment, the type of food consistency could be secure in their feeding process, thus avoiding silent aspirations and insights that could lead an aspiration pneumonia. It also allowed the group to make recommendations for nutritio­nal support, physiotherapy and speech therapy for ambu­latory management of the patient

Integration of remote-sensing techniques for the preventive conservation of paleolithic cave art in the karst of the Altamira cave

Rock art offers traces of our most remote past and was made with mineral and organic substances in shelters, walls, or the ceilings of caves. As it is notably fragile, it is fortunate that some instances remain intact-but a variety of natural and anthropogenic factors can lead to its disappearance. Therefore, as a valuable cultural heritage, rock art requires special conservation and protection measures. Geomatic remote-sensing technologies such as 3D terrestrial laser scanning (3DTLS), drone flight, and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) allow us to generate exhaustive documentation of caves and their environment in 2D, 2.5D, and 3D. However, only its combined use with 3D geographic information systems (GIS) lets us generate new cave maps with details such as overlying layer thickness, sinkholes, fractures, joints, and detachments that also more precisely reveal interior-exterior interconnections and gaseous exchange; i.e., the state of senescence of the karst that houses the cave. Information of this kind is of great value for the research, management, conservation, monitoring, and dissemination of cave art.This research was funded by the Department of Innovation, Industry, Tourism and Trade of the Regional Government of Cantabria in the context of aid to encourage industrial research and innovation in companies, project “SImulador Climático del Karst de cuevas de especial valor. (SICLIKA),” grant number 2016/INN/25

U B V R I Photometry of Stellar Structures throughout the Disk of the Barred Galaxy NGC 3367

We report new detailed surface U, B, V, R, and I photometry of 81 stellar structures in the disk of the barred galaxy NGC 3367. The images show many different structures indicating that star formation is going on in the most part of the disk. NGC 3367 is known to have a very high concentration of molecular gas distribution in the central regions of the galaxy and bipolar synchrotron emission from the nucleus with two lobes (at 6 kpc) forming a triple structure similar to a radio galaxy. We have determined the U, B, V, R, and I magnitudes and U - B, B - V, U - V, and V - I colors for the central region (nucleus), a region which includes supernovae 2003 AA, and 79 star associations throughout NGC 3367. Estimation of ages of star associations is very difficult due to several factors, among them: filling factor, metallicity, spatial distribution of each structure and the fact that we estimated the magnitudes with a circular aperture of 16 pixels in diameter, equivalent to $6''.8\sim1.4$ kpc. However, if the colors derived for NGC 3367 were similar to the colors expected of star clusters with theoretical evolutionary star tracks developed for the LMC and had a similar metallicity, NGC 3367 show 51 percent of the observed structures with age type SWB I (few tens of Myrs), with seven sources outside the bright surface brightness visible disk of NGC 3367.Comment: Accepted for publication (abr 2007) in The Astronomical Journal (July 2007 issue

Aprender para enseñar.

En el presente proyecto se abordan los modelos de estilos de aprendizaje con el objeto de construir ambientes virtuales que propicien espacios de enseñanza basados en la identificación de preferencias y rasgos cognitivos de los estudiantes. De esta manera, se realizó un estudio de caso con el curso virtual Aprender para Enseñar, donde se analizaron aspectos que ayudaron a definir los rasgos cognitivos de los estudiantes, facilitar el proceso de aprendizaje de acuerdo a las preferencias cognitivas, mediar los saberes a través del uso de herramientas propias de la tecnología de la información y la comunicación y evaluar el diseño y manejo de la plataforma

Aprender para enseñar.

En el presente proyecto se abordan los modelos de estilos de aprendizaje con el objeto de construir ambientes virtuales que propicien espacios de enseñanza basados en la identificación de preferencias y rasgos cognitivos de los estudiantes. De esta manera, se realizó un estudio de caso con el curso virtual Aprender para Enseñar, donde se analizaron aspectos que ayudaron a definir los rasgos cognitivos de los estudiantes, facilitar el proceso de aprendizaje de acuerdo a las preferencias cognitivas, mediar los saberes a través del uso de herramientas propias de la tecnología de la información y la comunicación y evaluar el diseño y manejo de la plataforma

SWI/SNF Complex Alterations in Tumors with Rhabdoid Features: Novel Therapeutic Approaches and Opportunities for Adoptive Cell Therapy

The SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable (SWI/SNF) chromatin-remodeling complex is one of the most remarkably altered epigenetic regulators in cancer. Pathogenic mutations in genes encoding SWI/SNF-related proteins have been recently described in many solid tumors, including rare and aggressive malignancies with rhabdoid features with no standard therapies in advanced or metastatic settings. In recent years, clinical trials with targeted drugs aimed at restoring its function have shown discouraging results. However, preclinical data have found an association between these epigenetic alterations and response to immune therapy. Thus, the rationale for immunotherapy strategies in SWI/SNF complex alteration-related tumors is strong. Here, we review the SWI/SNF complex and how its dysfunction drives the oncogenesis of rhabdoid tumors and the proposed strategies to revert this alteration and promising novel therapeutic approaches, including immune checkpoint inhibition and adoptive cell therapy